¡¡¡¡The CAS Pilot Project of KIP has entered into the Implementing Phase since the beginning of 2001. Within the next five years (2001£­2005), CAS will further speed up the pace of readjustment and reform in order to reach the goals that follow.

1. S £¦ T innovation

¡¡¡¡1) Fundamental research£º Priority will be given to strategic areas such as nanometre science and technology, quantum information, biological information and biophysics, intelligent information processing, neural and brain science, developmental biology and genetics, population and reproduction control, human genome and genes of other strategically important biological resources, microcomputer and electrical systems, complex system research, intercross of mathematics, natural sciences and social sciences, and so on. Great efforts should be made in obtaining a wide range of internationally acknowledged leading research results in the fields of high energy and nuclear physics, condensed physics, optical physics, theoretical physics and mathematics, evolution of the earth and global change, etc. And research bases with international reputations will be set up. The scientific output measured by the number of high quality papers will be doubled.

¡¡¡¡2)Strategic high tech research£º A number of important achievements will be made in the areas of ultrashort superª²intensive small sized laser, optical communication, super computer, wideª²band networking technology, information security, mini satellite technology, biochip, medical imaging technology, biological reactor, clean and efficient energy, green chemical industry and environmental technology, etc. Most of these achievements will go on the stage of engineering development and industrialization. The Academy's advantages in earth observation and remote sensing technology will be maintained and the investigation on space environment and satellite dynamics intensified. Advanced system software platforms and basic software development tools will be invented with selfª²owned intellectual property rights, and the design technology of CPU, ASIC and SYSTEM ON CHIPS developed. Intelligent manufacturing and control technologies such as intelligent robots and onª²site bus wire, designs of new materials and original innovation of processes will be promoted. In short, China's capacity in high tech innovation and industrialization will be expanded.

¡¡¡¡3) S £¦ T for resources and environment£º The establishment of a national resource database with wide coverage, complete data and multifunction, as well as a network for ecological environment research and monitoring, will be fulfilled essentially. Besides, a series of major scientific and technological advances will be made in resource £¦ environmentª²related areas, such as the basic processes of the earth system on varying spatialª²temporal scales, their interactions and coupling mechanisms, climate system dynamics and climate prediction, marine dynamics and sustainable utilization of marine resources, biological resources and biodiversity, ecological system construction, environment pollution control techniques, earth space information and its application, and so on, in addition to support of China's major strategic actions such as ¡°development of the western regions¡± and ¡°control of the degenerating ecological environment¡±.

¡¡¡¡4) Agricultural high technologies and population £¦ health care£º Efforts will be focused on developing technologies for breeding new species of superiorª²quality crops using molecular, DNA or cell engineering, animal cloning and genem odification, integrated prevention and control of diseases,elimination insect pest and rat damages without pollution, synthesis of pesticides with low toxicity and high efficiency, greenhouse culture and intensive farming, etc. Emphasis will also be placed on the research and development of new drugs for curing tumors, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease and mental diseases by using gene engineering, genome and protein engineering, biomedical tissue engineering an dbioª²information technology, as well as extracting natural medicament directly from biological resources. It is expected that about a dozen of new drugs will be invented with selfª²owned intellectual property rights within the next five years; five of them will appear on the market. Besides, a certain number of herb ariums, germª²plasma banks and typical cultural material banks will be establis hed. A network of botanical gardens will be built; 3£­4 botanical gardens especially characterized by attaining the international advanced level will be made centers for protection and research of strategic resource plants in China.

2. Talent training and contingent building

¡¡¡¡1) By the year 2005, the number of enrolled graduate students will have increased to 20,000 from the present 12,000, whereas that of postdoctoral researchers will have reached 2,000. Annually, more than 85£¥ of the graduate students upon their graduation and postdoctoral researchers will be sent to serve the society.

¡¡¡¡2)In general, a goodª² structured, highly efficient contingent of scientists and administrators will be built,the majority of which are young and middleª²aged.For constantly improving its capabilities of the inª²service scientific and administrative backbones, CAS is going to make great efforts in the next five years to recruit 500 outstanding young academic leaders and management cadres from abroad, and to set up 100 groups of marked young scientists and to form ¡°group advantages¡± in multiª²disciplinary and frontier areas. By 2005, the Academy will have achieved the goal of employing 20,000 permanently contracted staffs and 25,000 mobile staffs (incl. enrolled graduate students, postª²doctors and visiting scholars);and at least 70£¥ of them will have received Ph.D. or Master's degrees.

¡¡¡¡3) The annual exchange of senior visiting scholars by both sides will attain around 200. CAS scientific experts should be continuously sent, appointed as vice mayors or vice county magistrates, to local governments. And the accumulative total of those scientific experts assigned will be 1,000 during the next five years.

3. Opening up and Cooperation
An open system featuring extensive cooperation with the society has been established. In the fields of fundamental research, 10 to 15 joint labs between CAS and universities will be built with reciprocal recruitment of outstanding academic leaders from either side, joint postgraduate program, conjunct action on the establishment of 10£­20 young scientist groups, and sharing of largeª²sized scientific research devices and data systems owned by each partner. In the domain of strategic highª²tech research as well as resources and environment, 50£­60 joint laboratories, engineering centers, monitoring stations and demonstration sites will be set up by CAS in conjunction with the local departments or industrial sectors. As regards international S £¦ T cooperation, longª²term stable cooperative relationships will be established with distinguished foreign universities, research institutions and companies as well, 5 to 10 joint laboratories will be built up, and 10 to 20 young scientist groups will be jointly sponsored.

4. Promotion of Technology Transfer

¡¡¡¡Marketª²oriented reform of the companies under the Academy will be carried on to achieve scale effects. Further steps will be taken to transform some institutions of applied research and development into enterprises, and affiliated enterprises into corporate entities, so as to bring the CASª²incubated highª²tech in dustries onto a new stage. Transformation of the companies at the Academy and institute levels will be completed through the establishment of a modern enterprise system, and 15£­20 Academyª²affiliated institutions will be transformed into corporate entities. 3£­5 highª²tech incubators are going to be established jointly with local governments. To actively introduce the venture capital mechanism from the society, CAS will set up its own venture capital funds,build up two or three joint agencies for venture capital, and normalize the practice for access or withdrawal of such capital. Meanwhile, the Academy will make great efforts to expedite the combination of knowledge and technology with financial capital,and to facilitate a certain number of its holding or shareholding companies in stock market both at home and abroad, thus attracting capital from the society and making a rapid development of highª²tech enterprises.

5. Development of innovative culture
Following S £¦ T development laws, the Academy will strengthen the institution of rules and regulations, normalize academic conducts, renew conventional culture and concept of value that are not conducive to innovation. A system of in novative culture widely recognized by scientific community and practised on thei r own initiatives should be built up. The concept of S £¦ T value by putting the national interest first should be advocated, the individual academic liberty to serve the group interests and to follow collectivism should be encouraged, and the rich academic atmosphere nurtured by good science morals should be developed. Scientists are also urged to assimilate nutrition from all shining culture s and to take the initiative in blazing a trail. In order to ensure sound and sustainable development of S £¦ T innovation activities,the moral virtues such as dedicatory work and constant progress should be admired, and the system of selecting talents by their merits should be adopted.

6. Construction of S £¦ T Infrastructure

¡¡¡¡1) On the basis of the Initial Phase of PPKIP, the reconstruction of CAS institute campuses will be further implemented on the principles of ¡°unified planning¡±, ¡°focusing on key projects¡± and ¡°stepª²byª²step approach¡±. By the year 2005, the ¡°hardware environment¡± and management in most of CAS institutes will attain the medium level of developed countries.

¡¡¡¡2) By the year 2005, a network will be essentially established with regard to largeª²scaled general professional instruments that are open to the whole society. It may provide the firstª²rate technical services to scientific institutions, universities and companies within and without the Academy. The construction of a batch of herbariums and botanical gardens, which have dual functions of conducting research and disseminating scientific knowledge, will be completed. In cooperation with agricultural and environmental protection sectors, a network is about to be improved for agricultural, ecological and environmental monitoring and research, and developed into a research £¦ demonstration base for China's agriculture, ecological restoration, environmental protection and land management. In collaboration with the national library and universities, a societyª²oriented network of S £¦ T information and documentation will be constructed. The reconstruction project aiming at informatisation of the CAS institutes will have been fulfilled, so the informatisation level of the Academy's S £¦ T activities and management may be close to that of the international community.

The PPKIP is a very important stage in the development history of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Through implementation of the PPKIP, the Academy's S £¦ T innovation capability and overall competitive power will be extremely inten sified; at the same time,its contributions will be even greater than ever to the country's economic growth and social progress, as well as to the civilization of mankind.

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